PHP: end - Manual

end

jasper at jtey dot com
11-Jul-2006 12:48


This function returns the value at the end of the array, but you may sometimes be interested in the key at the end of the array, particularly when working with non integer indexed arrays:



<?php

// Returns the key at the end of the array

function endKey($array){

 end($array);

 return key($array);

}

?>



Usage example:

<?php

$a = array("one" => "apple", "two" => "orange", "three" => "pear");

echo endKey($a); // will output "three"

?>

Flavio Ventura
29-Nov-2005 08:02


In some previous post you can use



current($array)



 instead of



$array[key($array)]



I think it's more self-explaining.

ken at expitrans dot com
27-Oct-2005 09:02


Please note that from version 5.0.4 ==> 5.0.5 that this function now takes an array. This will possibly break some code for instance:



<?php



echo ">> ".end(array_keys(array('x' => 'y')))."\n";



?>



which will return "Fatal error: Only variables can be passed by reference" in version <= 5.0.4 but not in 5.0.5.



If you run into this problem with nested function calls, then an easy workaround is to assign the result from array_keys (or whatever function) to an intermediary variable:



<?php



$x = array_keys(array('x' => 'y'));

echo ">> ".end($x)."\n";



?>

mika dot stenberg at helsinki dot fi
11-Aug-2005 06:24


Here's something useful with arrays that I did: change an items position up or down in array. Thanks to previous posters for some useful functions (included):



// $mode -1 (negat) moves the item down, +1 (pos) moves the item up

// I used this because i parsed the mode from the query string

// You get the picture though

// $from_id points which item to move



function change_pos($array, $from_id, $mode){



// get hold of the beginning and the end

$start = first($array);

$end = last($array);



reset($array);



// find the position in an array

array_set_current($array, $from_id);



// remember the old value

$temp = $archive[ $from_id ];



// move down



if ($uusi_id < 0){

 

 

    if (key($array) != $end) {



            $array[ $from_id ] = next($array);

            $array[key($aray)] = $temp;

          }

    else echo "Couldnt move it!";

}



// move up

else if ( key($array) != $start ) {



    $array[ $from_id ] = prev($array);

    $array[key($array)] = $temp;

    save($array);

    }

else echo "Couldnt do it !";



}



function array_set_current(&$array, $key){

   reset($array);

   while(current($array)){

       if(key($array) == $key){

           break;

       }

       next($array);

   }

}



function first(&$array) {

if (!is_array($array)) return null;

if (!count($array)) return null;

reset($array);

return key($array);

}



function last(&$array) {

if (!is_array($array)) return null;

if (!count($array)) return null;

end($array);

return key($array);

}

12-May-2005 01:21


Fix for unknown writer of 29-aug-2002.

If you need to get a reference to the first or last element of an array, use these functions:



    function &first(&$array) {

        if (!is_array($array)) 

            return null;

        if (!count($array)) 

            return false; // like reset()

        reset($array);

        return $array[key($array)];

    }

        

    function &last(&$array) {

        if (!is_array($array)) 

            return null;

        if (!count($array)) 

            return false; // like end()

        end($array);

        return $array[key($array)];

    }



Example (watch out - use as &last() and &first()):



$a = array( 0 => 'less', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' more');



if ($first = & first($a)) // not false or null

    $first = 'nothing';

if ($last = & last($a)) // not false or null

    $last = 'double';



Now $a is array( 0 => 'nothing', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' double')

user at mail dot com
01-Mar-2005 07:29


It may be obvious, but if the array is empty, end() returns bool(false).

28-Aug-2002 06:34


If you need to get a reference on the first or last element of an array, use these functions because reset() and end() only return you a copy that you cannot dereference directly:



function first(&$array) {

if (!is_array($array)) return &$array;

if (!count($array)) return null;

reset($array);

return &$array[key($array)];

}



function last(&$array) {

if (!is_array($array)) return &$array;

if (!count($array)) return null;

end($array);

return &$array[key($array)];

}

28-Aug-2002 06:17


When adding an element to an array, it may be interesting to know with which key it was added. Just adding an element does not change the current position in the array, so calling key() won't return the correct key value; you must first position at end() of the array:



function array_add(&$array, $value) {

$array[] = $value; // add an element

end($array); // important!

return key($array);

}

end

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