PHP: imagecolorallocate

imagecolorallocate

erik at phpcastle dot com
02-Apr-2006 12:45


Hi,



During developing a gradient method I discovered that there can only be 255 colors allocated somehow...



So the first 255 are going ok and after these the colorallocate function returns -1. My work around for this problem was to put the allocated color in an array and check if this variable exists before calling imagecolorallocate again.



Did not had this problem again and my gradient scaled well after discovering this :)



This is the piece of code that created a gradient PNG. The code is top down programmed and not put in a function or class yet.



Because the code is 124 lines of code I've put the script at my website: http://beta.phpcastle.com/snippets/PHP/Image+Gradient (website still beta :P)



I hope someone can use this addition

SW
13-Jan-2006 02:00


This works! A Black-Image with vertical centered white Aliased Arial-Text and same left and right margin - used for Menu-Buttons.



<?php



  function createImgText ($string="", $fontsize=0, $marginX=0, $imgH=0 , $fontfile="", $imgColorHex="", $txtColorHex=""){

    if($string!=""){

        Header("Content-type: image/png");     

        //

        $spacing = 0;

          $line = array("linespacing" => $spacing);

        $box = @imageftbbox($fontsize,0,$fontfile,$string,$line)

        or die("ERROR");

        $tw=$box[4]-$box[0]; //image width

        $marginY = $imgH - (($imgH - $fontsize) / 2);

        $imgWidth = $tw + (2*$marginX);

        $im = ImageCreate($imgWidth, $imgH); 

        $int = hexdec($imgColorHex);

        $arr = array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

        $black = ImageColorAllocate($im, $arr["red"], $arr["green"], $arr["blue"]); 

        $int = hexdec($txtColorHex);

        $arr = array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

        $white = ImageColorAllocate($im, $arr["red"], $arr["green"], $arr["blue"]); 

        ImageFtText($im, $fontsize, 0, $marginX, $marginY, $white, $fontfile, $string, array()); 

        ImagePng($im); 

        ImageDestroy($im);

    }else{

        echo "ERROR!";

    }

}

createImgText ("Hello World", 9, 10, 18, "arial.ttf", "000000", "FFFFFF");

?>

mlse
15-Nov-2005 01:49


Another more general variation on the theme using the same naming conventions as the hexdec and dechex built-in functions ...



Prototype:



array hexrgb ( string hex_string )



Returns:



An associative array of the RGB components specified in hex_string.



hexrgb() example:



<?php

$rgb = hexrgb("0xAABBCC");

print_r($rgb);

?>



Output is:



Array

(

  [red] => 170

  [green] => 187

  [blue] => 204

)



Implementation:



<?php

function hexrgb ($hexstr)

{

  $int = hexdec($hexstr);



  return array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

}

?>



The output of hexdec can then be passed to imagecolorallocate and manipulated as required.

miked at m80im dot com
07-Nov-2005 05:40


improvement upon fromhex function by avi at amarcus dot com



<?php

   

   function fromhex($string,&$image) {

      sscanf($string, "%2x%2x%2x", $red, $green, $blue);

      return ImageColorAllocate($image,$red,$green,$blue);

   }

   

   //Example for calling a hex color:

   ImageFill($image, 0, 0, fromhex('FFFFFF'));



?>

Zigbigidorlu at hotmail dot com
06-Oct-2005 12:05


Here's a very simple and very effective code to change a HEX color to RGB.



-------------------------



function HEX2RGB($color){

 $color_array = array();

 $hex_color = strtoupper($color);

 for($i = 0; $i < 6; $i++){

  $hex = substr($hex_color,$i,1);

  switch($hex){

   case "A": $num = 10; break;

   case "B": $num = 11; break;

   case "C": $num = 12; break;

   case "D": $num = 13; break;

   case "E": $num = 14; break;

   case "F": $num = 15; break;

   default: $num = $hex; break;

  }

  array_push($color_array,$num);

 }

 $R = (($color_array[0] * 16) + $color_array[1]);

 $G = (($color_array[2] * 16) + $color_array[3]);

 $B = (($color_array[4] * 16) + $color_array[5]);

 return array($R,$G,$B);

 unset($color_array,$hex,$R,$G,$B);

}



-------------------------

mail at kailashnadh dot name
28-Jun-2005 07:47


This nifty function will produce the negative of a given image!



<?php



/********************************



     Code by Kailash Nadh

     http://kailashnadh.name



     usage:

     img2neg("my_pic.jpg");



*********************************/



function img2neg($pic) {



    header("Content-type: image/jpeg");



    $source=imagecreatefromjpeg($pic);    // Source

    $width=imagesx($source);    $height=imagesy($source);



    $im = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);    // Our negative img in the making



    for($y=0; $y < $height; $y++) {

        for($x=0; $x < $width; $x++) {



        $colors=imagecolorsforindex($source, imagecolorat($source, $x,$y));



            // this is what makes the colors negative

            $r=255-$colors['red'];

            $g=255-$colors['green'];

            $b=255-$colors['blue'];

            $test=imagecolorallocate($im, $r,$g,$b);

            imagesetpixel($im,$x, $y, $test);

        }

    }



    imagejpeg($im);

    imagedestroy($im);

}



?>

andreoli dot carlo at libero dot it
08-Jun-2005 06:38


hsl to RGB

(not yet optimized but it function)



function hslToRgb ($h, $s, $l) {

    if ($h>240 || $h<0) return array(0,0,0);

    if ($s>240 || $s<0) return array(0,0,0);

    if ($l>240 || $l<0) return array(0,0,0);     

    if ($h<=40) {

        $R=255;

        $G=(int)($h/40*256);

        $B=0;

    }

    elseif ($h>40 && $h<=80) {

        $R=(1-($h-40)/40)*256;

        $G=255;

        $B=0;

    }

    elseif ($h>80 && $h<=120) {

        $R=0;

        $G=255;

        $B=($h-80)/40*256;

    }

    elseif ($h>120 && $h<=160) {

        $R=0;

        $G=(1-($h-120)/40)*256;

        $B=255;

    }

    elseif ($h>160 && $h<=200) {

        $R=($h-160)/40*256;

        $G=0;

        $B=255;

    }

    elseif ($h>200) {

        $R=255;

        $G=0;

        $B=(1-($h-200)/40)*256;

    }

    $R=$R+(240-$s)/240*(128-$R);

    $G=$G+(240-$s)/240*(128-$G);

    $B=$B+(240-$s)/240*(128-$B);

    if ($l<120) {

        $R=($R/120)*$l;

        $G=($G/120)*$l;

        $B=($B/120)*$l;

    }

    else {

        $R=$l*((256-$R)/120)+2*$R-256;

        $G=$l*((256-$G)/120)+2*$G-256;

        $B=$l*((256-$B)/120)+2*$B-256;

    }

    if ($R<0) $R=0;

    if ($R>255) $R=255;

    if ($G<0) $G=0;

    if ($G>255) $G=255;

    if ($B<0) $B=0;

    if ($B>255) $B=255;

    

    return array((int)$R,(int)$G,(int)$B);

}

mv at brazil dot com
15-Mar-2005 11:34


<?



/**

 * Create a image bar using lib GD

 * Ege. <img src="color_sample.php?color=FF0000" width="10 height="30">

 */



// Split the HTML color representation

$hexcolor = str_split($_GET["color"], 2); 



// Convert HEX values to DECIMAL

$bincolor[0] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[0]}");

$bincolor[1] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[1]}");

$bincolor[2] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[2]}");



$im = ImageCreate(100, 100);

$colorallocate = ImageColorAllocate($im, $bincolor[0], $bincolor[1], $bincolor[2]);

ImageFilledRectangle($im, 0, 0, 100, 100, $colorallocate);

header('Content-Type: image/png');

ImagePNG($im);



?>

bob at hotmail dot com
10-Mar-2005 03:24


The first color allocated will not fill the background if you use a true color image from imagecreatetruecolor().

18-Jan-2005 02:23


When you are using truecolor images, you can also use bitwise operations to generate the color:

<?php

$color = ($r << 16) | ($g << 8) | $b; // 2261213

?>

This is identical to the imagecolorallocate() function, in truecolor images!

aaron at parecki dot com
22-Dec-2004 02:10


This will let you tint an image to any specific color. The blacks of the source image become your specified color, and the whites remain white. Works best for colorizing greyscale images. 



<?php



$r = 224;

$g = 192;

$b = 0;

$source_file = "picture.jpg";



$im_src = ImageCreateFromJpeg($source_file);

$im_tint = ImageCreate(imagesx($im_src),imagesy($im_src));

for ($c = 0; $c < 255; $c++) {

     ImageColorAllocate($im_tint, max($r,$c), max($g,$c), max($b,$c));

}

ImageCopyMerge($im_tint,$im_src,0,0,0,0, imagesx($im_src), imagesy($im_src), 100);

ImageDestroy($im_src);



header("Content-type: image/jpeg");

imagejpeg($im_tint);



?>

carlosreche at yahoo dot com
13-Dec-2004 08:27


Here is an easier way to set the color without use imagecolorallocate();



<?php



$image = imagecreatetruecolor();



imagefill($image, 0, 0, 0xFFFFFF); // white color (#FFFFFF)



?>



Use hexadecimal values just like you do in HTML codes:



0xFF0000 = red

0x00FF00 = green

0x0000FF = blue

0xFFFF00 = yellow



... and so on



Hope this will help many people...



Carlos Reche

tyberis
28-Nov-2004 04:58


2 functions to convert from HSV colorspace (hue/saturation/brightness) to RGB (red/green/blue) colorspace and back. 

<?php

// $c = array($red, $green, $blue)

// $red=[0..1], $green=[0..1], $blue=[0..1];

function rgb2hsv($c) {

 list($r,$g,$b)=$c;

 $v=max($r,$g,$b);

 $t=min($r,$g,$b);

 $s=($v==0)?0:($v-$t)/$v;

 if ($s==0)

  $h=-1;

 else {

  $a=$v-$t;

  $cr=($v-$r)/$a;

  $cg=($v-$g)/$a;

  $cb=($v-$b)/$a;

  $h=($r==$v)?$cb-$cg:(($g==$v)?2+$cr-$cb:(($b==$v)?$h=4+$cg-$cr:0));

  $h=60*$h;

  $h=($h<0)?$h+360:$h;

 }

 return array($h,$s,$v);

}



// $c = array($hue, $saturation, $brightness)

// $hue=[0..360], $saturation=[0..1], $brightness=[0..1]

function hsv2rgb($c) {

 list($h,$s,$v)=$c;

 if ($s==0)

  return array($v,$v,$v);

 else {

  $h=($h%=360)/60;

  $i=floor($h);

  $f=$h-$i;

  $q[0]=$q[1]=$v*(1-$s);

  $q[2]=$v*(1-$s*(1-$f));

  $q[3]=$q[4]=$v;

  $q[5]=$v*(1-$s*$f);

  return(array($q[($i+4)%5],$q[($i+2)%5],$q[$i%5]));

 }

}

?>

avi at amarcus dot com
19-Aug-2004 11:21


quote from "tim at phantomrpg dot com"



Here is a simpler way of using a hex color with ImageColorAllocate().

sscanf("FFFF00", "%2x%2x%2x", $red, $green, $blue);

$stringColor=ImageColorAllocate($image,$red,$green,$blue);



I made it into a simple function:

<?php

function fromhex($string){

    GLOBAL $image;

    sscanf($string, "%2x%2x%2x", $red, $green, $blue);

    return ImageColorAllocate($image,$red,$green,$blue);

    }

//Example for calling a hex color:

ImageFill($image, 0, 0, fromhex('FFFFFF'));

?>

smoli at paranoya dot ch
19-Jul-2004 11:10


Some of you maybe want to use HSV color model for drawing color selectors and circles:



<?

  function &colormap_hsv_to_rgb($h, $s, $v)

  {

    $ret = new stdClass();



    if($s == 0)

    {

      $ret->r = $v;

      $ret->g = $v;

      $ret->b = $v;



      return $ret;

    }

    else

    {

      $h = floatval($h) / 255.0;

      $s = floatval($s) / 255.0;

      $v = floatval($v) / 255.0;



      $hue = $h;



      if($hue == 1.0)

        $hue = 0.0;



      $hue *= 6.0;



      $i = intval($hue);

      $f = $hue - floatval($i);

      $w = $v * (1.0 - $s);

      $q = $v * (1.0 - ($s * $f));

      $t = $v * (1.0 - ($s * (1.0 - $f)));



      switch($i)

      {

         case 0: $ret->r = $v; $ret->g = $t; $ret->b = $w; break;

         case 1: $ret->r = $q; $ret->g = $v; $ret->b = $w; break;

         case 2: $ret->r = $w; $ret->g = $v; $ret->b = $t; break;

         case 3: $ret->r = $w; $ret->g = $q; $ret->b = $v; break;

         case 4: $ret->r = $t; $ret->g = $w; $ret->b = $v; break;

         case 5: $ret->r = $v; $ret->g = $w; $ret->b = $q; break;

      }

    }

    

    $ret->r = intval($ret->r * 255.0);

    $ret->g = intval($ret->g * 255.0);

    $ret->b = intval($ret->b * 255.0);



    return $ret;

  }

?>

tim at phantomrpg dot com
04-Apr-2004 03:38


Here is a simpler way of using a hex color with ImageColorAllocate().



sscanf("FFFF00", "%2x%2x%2x", $red, $green, $blue);

$stringColor=ImageColorAllocate($image,$red,$green,$blue);



Hope it helps someone.

jernberg at fairytale dot se
05-Mar-2004 10:43


this might help someone, how to allocate an color from an html color-definition:



$fg = "#ff0080";



$red = 100;

$green = 100;

$blue = 100;

if( eregi( "[#]?([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})", $fg, $ret ) )

{

    $red = hexdec( $ret[1] );

    $green = hexdec( $ret[2] );

    $blue = hexdec( $ret[3] );

}



$text_color = ImageColorAllocate( $img1, $red, $green, $blue );

chris at drunkenpirates dot co dot uk
13-Sep-2003 05:44


<?php



/*

An example combining the use of ImageColorAllocate, Imagesetpixel, Imagecopyresized and some basic Trig

*/



Header("Content-type: image/png");



$height = 128;

$width = 128;



$imA = ImageCreate($width, $height);

$imB = ImageCreate($width*4, $height*4);

$bckA = ImageColorAllocate($imA, 0,0,0);

$bckB = ImageColorAllocate($imB, 0,0,0);



//GENERATE GRAY SCALE PALLETE



for($c=0;$c<256;$c++){

                ImageColorAllocate($imA, $c, $c, $c);

                }



//PRODUCE DATA



$m=rand(0,10);

for($c=0;$c<128;$c++){

                $s=  (sin( deg2rad($c*360*$m/128) )+1)*127;

                $col_arr[$c]=$s;

                }

for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgA[$x][$y]=$col_arr[$x];

                }

        }

for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgB[$x][$y]=$col_arr[$y];

                }

        }



//SET PIXELS



for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgC[$x][$y]=$imgA[$x][$y]+$imgB[$x][$y];

                $s=$imgC[$x][$y]/2;

                Imagesetpixel($imA,$x,$y,$s);

                }

        }



//RESIZE IMAGE FOR DISPLAY



Imagecopyresized ($imB, $imA, 0, 0, 0, 0, $width*4, $height*4, $width, $width);

ImagePNG($imB);

?>

BruceB
19-May-2003 09:39


Doiveo's suggestion for getting the font colors to behave with JPEG's does (at least for PHP 4.1.2 - GD version 1) stop the problem (that I had) with fonts becoming outlined instead of solid, however the font colors were still incorrect.



There is however a much simpler (and faster) solution, just use imageColorClosest instead of imageColorAllocate, e.g:



$near_white = imageColorClosest($img, 255,255,255);

imageTTFtext($img, 10, 0, 20, 20, $near_white, "font file path", "text to add to JPEG");



For most JPEG's there should be a fairly close matching color to the one you want to use.

leif at harmsen dot net
15-Apr-2003 07:31


I was unable to get any of the posted methods for converting colour to grayscale to work.  The problem appears to be the way gd creates images from jpeg inconsistently over various versions.  Eventually I wrote my own that works for me - this approach allocates the 256 color pallete first.  You can also play with separate $r, $g, $b variables before using imagecolorallocate in order to tone or tint the image.





<?php


$resource = 'whatever.jpg';


$im_size = GetImageSize($resource);


$imageWidth = $im_size[0];


$imageHeight = $im_size[1];


$im = imageCreate($imageWidth,$imageHeight);


for ($c = 0; $c < 256; $c++) {     


     ImageColorAllocate($im, $c,$c,$c);


}


$im2 = ImageCreateFromJpeg($resource);


ImageCopyMerge($im,$im2,0,0,0,0, $imageWidth, $imageHeight, 100);


ImageDestroy($im2);


?>





go on using $im as your image, it is now grayscale ....

jasper at pointless dot net
20-Jan-2003 05:20


a patch to php 4.3.0 to add imagecolorallocatealpha is here:



http://pointless.net/~jasper/php-4.3.0-imagecolorallocatealpha.patch



cd php-4.3.0/ext/gd

patch < path/to/patch



and recompile and reinstall.

bisqwit at iki dot fi
16-Feb-2002 08:30


Actually, you can't allocate more than 256 colours for an paletted image (ImageCreate).

Use ImageCreateTrueColor instead. For it to work, you need libgd version 2 support in php though.

bisqwit at iki dot fi
16-Feb-2002 01:20


Looks like this function only allows allocating of 256 distinct colours.

�

So this code:

  <?php

  $im = ImageCreate(500,200);

  for($a=0; $a<500; $a++)

  {

    $c = 128 + sin($a) * 127;

    ImageLine($im, $a,0, $a,199, ImageColorAllocate($im, $c,$c,$c));

  }

  ob_start();

  ImageJpeg($im, '', 75);

  $s = ob_get_contents();

  ob_end_clean();

�

  header('Content-type: image/jpeg');

  header('Content-length: '.strlen($s));

  print $s;

�

will make an image that has changing colours at

the first 256 pixel columns only. The rest are gray.

doiveo at hotmail dot nospam
11-Jan-2002 10:17


This will help anyone trying to control font colors in a JPEG. You have to create a temporary image first, allocate the colors then merge the images before it works. Go figure.





$im_size = GetImageSize ( "MySource.jpg" ); 


$imageWidth = $im_size[0];


$imageHeight = $im_size[1];





$im = imageCreate( $imageWidth, $imageHeight );





// - or with GD 2+ -


// $im = imageCreateTrueColor( $imageWidth, $imageHeight ); 





// do all your color allocations here 


$font_color_black = ImageColorAllocate( $im, 0,0,0);





$im2 = ImageCreateFromJPEG("MySource.jpg"); 





ImageCopy ($im,$im2,0,0,0,0, $imageWidth, $imageHeight);


ImageDestroy ($im2);





...finish as you please using the $im var.

imagecolorallocate

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